The paper explores the concept of biodiversity, defining it as the variety of life in our natural world and highlighting its importance as a key indicator of ecosystem health. It emphasizes Indonesia's significant biodiversity, which ranks among the highest in the world, and discusses the threats to biodiversity from human activities and climate change. The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and the role of biodiversity financing are examined, noting the substantial funding gap that remains despite international commitments. The paper also delves into biodiversity credits as a market-based mechanism for conservation funding, outlining their potential and the challenges they face.
This paper is valuable for understanding the complex interplay between biodiversity and climate finance. It provides insights into how market-based mechanisms like biodiversity credits can be harnessed for conservation, while highlighting the importance of addressing challenges related to their implementation.